Oncology, 2012, issue 1

Editorial

Jak je to s personalizovanou medicínou?

prof. MUDr. Vladimír Palička, CSc.

Onkologie. 2012:6(1):3

Main topic

Léčba nádorové bolesti v roce 2012 - multimodální přístup a pragmatická polypragmazie

Ondřej Sláma - editor hlavního tématu

Onkologie. 2012:6(1):8

Bone cancer pain and possibilities of its treatment

Lukáš Pochop

Onkologie. 2012:6(1):9-11

Pain caused by bone involvement by tumor is the most common type of cancer pain. The management consists in the combination of pharmacotherapy a non–pharmacological approaches. The mainstay of pharmacotherapy are NSAID, opioids, bisphosphonates, corticosteroids, anticonulsants and antidepressants. We use also the radiotherapy, radionuclids and some orthopedic and radiologic interventions.

Treatment of neuropathic pain

Eva Hegmonová

Onkologie. 2012:6(1):12-17

The effective management of chronic pain is a fundamental goal for all clinicians and algesiologists. Neuropathic pain is one of two basic kinds of pain, which appears either separetly or in combination with nociceptic pain. Neuropathic pain is very often treated by group of specialist, who use farmatological procesess in combination with invazive and surgical technigues. The three-step analgesic ladder developed by the Health Organisation (WHO) outlines these opioids in the management of cancer pain, and the application of opioid therapy for the treatment of neuropathic pain. The author focuses on treatment of neuropathic pain, the use different...

Visceral pain in oncology

Ladislav Slováček

Onkologie. 2012:6(1):18-20

Cancer pain is a serious and quality of life deteriorating quality of life symptom requiring the interest of doctors and nursing staff. Visceral pain is a very complicated type of pain for its difficult localization and definition. Problems of this type of pain is briefly outlined in a clear communication strategy, including its treatment.

Psychological and spiritual aspects of cancer pain

Marie Blažková

Onkologie. 2012:6(1):21-23

In order to understand the psychological and spiritual aspects of cancer pain, it is essentials to seek answers to fundamental existential questions, core principles of personal growth as well as neurotic developement, and unconscious adaptive and maladaptive defence mechanisms in traumatic situacions. Finally, it is also necessary to take into account the circumstances of a patient’s condition in relation to their personal history and the community which they belong to. Systemic and supportive psychotherapy, pastoral care and also psychiatric interventions are standard operation procedures. Development of psychotropic drugs opens new...

Review articles

Targeted therapy in locally advanced gastric carcinoma - new trends in treatment

Andrea Jurečková, Michaela Všianská

Onkologie. 2012:6(1):24-27

This article is aimed to summarize new targeted therapy used for treatment of advanced cancer of stomach and gastroesophageal junction. Their efficacy is being tested in numerous clinical trials worldwide. Recent findings have suggested that this type of malignancy is considered as a group of heterogenous tumors that differ in the expression of cell-signalling molecules. Toxicities of new targeted therapy do not overlap those of cytotoxic agents and their effectivity was approved in other types of tumors.

Neoadjuvant therapy of pancreatic adenocarcinoma

Igor Richter, Josef Dvořák, Magda Macháňová, Jiří Bartoš

Onkologie. 2012:6(1):28-30

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is one of the oncological disease with the markedly poor prognosis. A searching of the new treatment options are desirable to improve this fact. Only a radical resection of tumor is a chance of long-term survival. A possible procedure leads to this point is neoadjuvant treatment. There was a series of clinical trial that evaluated its efficacy. Unfortunately, the results from the third phases of the randomized multicenter clinical trials be missing today. Therefore the neoadjuvant treatment of (pankreas cancer) pancreatic adenocarcinoma is not recommended in primary treatment of the resectable disease. In the traetment...

The late side effects of the cancer treatment of the long - term survivors

Hana Šiffnerová

Onkologie. 2012:6(1):31-34

The treatment of cancer is often linked with the occurrence of unwanted side effects, the most serious of which are the late effects. They can develop after chemotherapy, hormonotherapy, but especially after radiotherapy. It is still too early to evaluate the side effects of biological treatment more deeply. The late side effects of the treatment occur at long-term survivors, they are mostly difficult to solve and make the quality of life worse.

Case report

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in a patient with low proliferation

Katarína Petráková

Onkologie. 2012:6(1):35-36

The goal of neoadjuvant chemotherapy is to improve surgical options and cosmetic outcome of surgery. Chemotherapy should be indicated in tumours in which a therapeutic response can be expected, i.e. those with negative oestrogen receptors, higher proliferation, higher grade and nonlobular histology. A case is reported of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in a female patient in whom the likelihood of response to chemotherapy was low according to tumour phenotype obtained from Tru-Cut biopsy. However, the biological behaviour of the tumour did not correspond to the tumour phenotype. The patient had an excellent response to chemotherapy. Several papers...

Drug-induced hallucinatory syndrome in a female patient with breast cancer

Ladislav Slováček, Birgita Slováčková

Onkologie. 2012:6(1):37-39

The authors report on a case of drug-induced hallucinatory syndrome after paclitaxel infusion in a 42-year-old woman with breast carcinoma treated with adjuvant chemotherapy AC-T. This case report highlights the potential risk of paclitaxel causing hallucinatory syndrome. At the same time it indicates the need to cooperate with the psychiatrist. Early symptomatic psychopharmacological treatment enabled the smooth completion of chemotherapy.

Information

Seminář CECOG o cílené a individualizované léčbě metastazujícího kolorektálního karcinomu

MUDr. Zuzana Zafarová

Onkologie. 2012:6(1):40-42